Wilfried Dossou-Yovo, Serge Étienne Parent,Noura Ziadi, Bertrand Normand, and Léon Étienne parent
print(Sys.Date())
## [1] "2022-10-10"
This notebook generate the result of CO2 data analysis. Data set contains a collection of soil caracteristics, measured co2 emission collected from incubation study. Soil samples was collected from two cranberry fied stand of eastern canada. Incubation study was carried out at Agriculture and Agri-food Canada(sainte-foy, quebec,qc) from February to Mai 2019. The aim of this study was to measure CO2 emission rates in cranberry soils of Eastern Canada as related to soil temperature and depth
In addition to data exploration, this notebook will answer the following statistical questions.
We need package tidyverse which loads a set of packages for easy data manipulation(Ex: dplyr) and visualization (ex: ggplot2). We also use ggpubr to customise publication ready plot, ggpmisc and grid are useful packages as extensions to ggplot2.
We load two data data_pot and data_co2
involved in our anylisis. data_pot contained details about
sites sampling, soil sampling(soil depth, weight, water content and bulk
density), laboratory incubation temperature while data_co2
contained details about laboratory incubation time, co2 emission and jar
masson details. data_co2 was combined with
data_pot with left_join function
ID pot | Sites | Depth (cm) | Repetition | Temperature (°C) | Pot weight (g) | Soil weight (g) | Water volume (ml) | Water content (%) | Bulk density (g/cm3) | Carbone(%) | pHCaCl2 |
6 | A9 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 244.81 | 110.32 | 42.1 | 10.3 | 0.89 | 1.8 | 3.8 |
21 | A9 | 10 | 1 | 20 | 251.14 | 110.33 | 42.1 | 10.3 | 0.89 | 1.8 | 3.8 |
54 | A9 | 10 | 1 | 30 | 249.63 | 110.33 | 42.1 | 10.3 | 0.89 | 1.8 | 3.8 |
18 | A9 | 10 | 2 | 10 | 246.04 | 124.93 | 27.5 | 24.9 | 0.89 | 2.4 | 3.8 |
59 | A9 | 10 | 2 | 20 | 248.21 | 124.93 | 27.5 | 24.9 | 0.89 | 2.4 | 3.8 |
60 | A9 | 10 | 2 | 30 | 255.03 | 124.90 | 27.5 | 24.9 | 0.89 | 2.4 | 3.8 |
Several variables have been added to our data in order to proceed for
analysis. The added variables are the following:
Temperature (Kelvin), Molar Volume (L/mol),
Headspace Volume (mL), Dry soil weight (g),
CO2 emission (ug/h/g), CO2 emission (mg/kg),
decomposition rate K, lnKand
1/T(T = Temperature(Kelvin)
New.labs <- c("10°C", "20°C", "30°C") # Change labels
names(New.labs) <- c("10", "20", "30")
New.labs_b <- c("[0-10 cm]", "[10-20 cm]", "[20-30 cm]") # Change labels
names(New.labs_b) <- c("10", "20", "30")
library(plotly)
ggplotly(
data_co2 |>
ggplot() +
geom_histogram(aes(x = log10(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`)), bins = 150)
)
## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NaNs produced
## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NaNs produced
## Warning: Removed 37 rows containing non-finite values (stat_bin).
Data contains some outliers, let remove them
data_co2_clean <- data_co2 |>
mutate(log_tr = log10(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`)) |>
filter(log_tr > -3.06 & log_tr < -0.33) |>
drop_na()
## Warning in mask$eval_all_mutate(quo): NaNs produced
Now data look well distributed
ggplotly(
data_co2_clean |>
ggplot() +
geom_histogram(aes(x = log10(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`)), bins = 100)
)
data_co2_clean |>
select(`Time (days)`, `Depth (cm)`, `Temperature (°C)`, `CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`) |>
corrr::correlate() |>
corrr::focus(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`) |>
mutate(term = fct_reorder(term, `CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`)) |>
ggplot(aes(x = `CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`, y= term)) +
geom_col(width = 0.2) +
labs(x = bquote(~CO[2]~ 'emision ('*mu~'g'~ h^-1~g^-1*')')) +
theme_bw()
##
## Correlation method: 'pearson'
## Missing treated using: 'pairwise.complete.obs'
options(repr.plot.width = 6, repr.plot.height = 7)
pg <- ggplot(data=data_co2_clean, aes(x = `Time (days)`,y = `CO2 emission (ug/h/g)` )) +
geom_boxplot(aes(group = factor(`Time (days)`))) +
facet_grid(`Depth (cm)` ~ `Temperature (°C)`, scales = "free",
labeller = labeller(`Depth (cm)` = New.labs_b, `Temperature (°C)` = New.labs))+
labs(x = "Incubation time (days)", y = bquote(~CO[2]~ 'emision ('*mu~'g'~ h^-1~g^-1*')'))
pg
ggsave("figures/Boxplot.png", width = 6, height = 7, dpi = 600)# export plot high resolution
model_rec <- data_co2_clean |>
recipe(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)` ~ ., data_co2) |>
step_select(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`, `Time (days)`, Sites,
`Depth (cm)`, `Temperature (°C)`) |>
step_log(all_outcomes(), base = 10) |>
step_dummy(Sites) |>
step_normalize(all_numeric(), -all_outcomes() ) |>
prep()
data_co2_preprocessed <- juice(model_rec)
model_spec <- linear_reg() |>
set_engine("lm")
model_fit <- model_spec |>
fit(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)` ~ ., data_co2_preprocessed)
tidy(model_fit)
## # A tibble: 5 × 5
## term estimate std.error statistic p.value
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 (Intercept) -1.70 0.00983 -173. 0
## 2 `Time (days)` -0.103 0.00985 -10.5 1.22e- 23
## 3 `Depth (cm)` -0.579 0.00993 -58.3 3.08e-247
## 4 `Temperature (°C)` 0.273 0.00992 27.6 3.81e-108
## 5 Sites_PF45 -0.0202 0.00984 -2.05 4.11e- 2
glance(model_fit)
## # A tibble: 1 × 12
## r.squared adj.r.squared sigma statistic p.value df logLik AIC BIC
## <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 0.868 0.867 0.240 969. 6.71e-258 4 7.36 -2.71 23.6
## # … with 3 more variables: deviance <dbl>, df.residual <int>, nobs <int>
par(mfrow=c(2,2)) # plot all 4 plots in one
plot(model_fit$fit,
pch = 16,
col = '#006EA1')
prediction <- model_fit |>
predict(data_co2_preprocessed)
rmse <- data_co2_preprocessed |>
bind_cols(prediction) |>
rmse(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`, .pred)
rmse
## # A tibble: 1 × 3
## .metric .estimator .estimate
## <chr> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 rmse standard 0.239
rmse <- round(as.numeric(rmse[1,3]), 2)
rsq <- data_co2_preprocessed |>
bind_cols(prediction) |>
rsq(`CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`, .pred)
rsq
## # A tibble: 1 × 3
## .metric .estimator .estimate
## <chr> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 rsq standard 0.868
rsq <- round(as.numeric(rsq[1,3]), 2)
options(repr.plot.width = 4, repr.plot.height = 2)
px <- data_co2_preprocessed |>
bind_cols(prediction) |>
ggplot(aes(x = `CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`, y = .pred)) +
geom_point(size = 1, alpha = .3) +
geom_label(aes(x = -3, y = -.6),
vjust = 1, hjust = 0, size = 2, label.size = 0.1,
label = paste("R² =", rsq, "\nRMSE =", rmse)) +
geom_abline() +
theme_pubr() +
theme(axis.title=element_text(size=7),
axis.line = element_line(size = 0.1),
axis.ticks = element_line(size = 0.1),
axis.text = element_text(size = 6)) +
labs(x= bquote("Observed log"~CO[2]~ 'emission ('*mu~'g'~ h^-1~g^-1*')'~"rate") , y = bquote("Predicted log"~CO[2]~ 'emission ('*mu~'g'~ h^-1~g^-1*')'~"rate"))
px
ggsave("figures/Observed and predicted co2 emission.png", width = 4, height = 2.2, dpi = 600)
options(repr.plot.width = 8, repr.plot.height = 2)
term_rename <- tibble(term = c("`Time (days)`", "`Depth (cm)`", "`Temperature (°C)`", "Sites_PF45"),
name_corrected = c("Time (d)", "Layer (cm)", "Temperature (°C)", "Sites"))
h <- broom::tidy(model_fit, conf.int = TRUE) |>
dplyr::filter(term != "(Intercept)") |>
left_join(term_rename, by = "term") |>
mutate(term_rename = fct_reorder(name_corrected, estimate)) |>
ggplot(aes(estimate, term_rename)) +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0, linetype = 2) +
geom_point() +
geom_errorbarh(aes(xmin = conf.low, xmax = conf.high), height = 0.1,
size=0.5) +
labs(x = "Coefficient", y = "") +
theme_light() +
theme(axis.text=element_text(size=14),
axis.title=element_text(size=14)) # Time (d)
h
ggsave("figures/Linear-model-Co2_with_site.png", width = 8, height = 2, dpi = 600)
New.labs <- c("10°C", "20°C", "30°C") # Change labels
names(New.labs) <- c("10", "20", "30")
New.labs_b <- c("[0-10 cm]", "[10-20 cm]", "[20-30 cm]") # Change labels
names(New.labs_b) <- c("10", "20", "30")
options(repr.plot.width = 8, repr.plot.height = 6)
pl <- data_co2_clean |>
bind_cols(10^prediction) |>
ggplot(aes(x = `Time (days)`, y = `CO2 emission (ug/h/g)`)) +
geom_point(size = 2, alpha = .3) +
facet_grid(`Depth (cm)` ~ `Temperature (°C)`, scales = "free", labeller = labeller(`Depth (cm)` = New.labs_b, `Temperature (°C)` = New.labs)) +
geom_line(aes(x = `Time (days)`, y = `.pred`)) +
scale_y_log10() +
theme_bw() +
theme(strip.text = element_text(size = 12), axis.text=element_text(size=12),
axis.title=element_text(size=14),
axis.title.y = element_text(size=14)) +
xlab("Incubation time (d)") + ylab(bquote(~CO[2]~ 'emission rate ('*mu~'g'~ h^-1~g^-1*')'))
pl
ggsave("figures/CO2 emission.png", plot= pl, width = 7, height = 5, dpi = 600)
The Arrhenius equation has been used to describe temperature sensitivity to CO2 emission. The Arrhenius equation was computed as follows:
\[k = A e^{{\frac{-Ea}{RT}}}\]
\[log \left( k \right) = log \left( A e^{\frac{-Ea}{RT}} \right)\]
\[log \left( k \right) = log \left( A \right) + log \left(e^{\frac{-Ea}{RT}} \right)\]
\[log \left( k \right) = log \left( A \right) - \frac{1}{T} \times \left(\frac{Ea}{R}\right)\]
Where \(A\) is the pre-exponential factor and \(Ea\) is activation energy assumed to be independent of temperature, \(R\) is the universal gas constant and \(T\) is absolute temperature (Kelvin)
models_co2 <- data_co2 %>%
group_by(`Depth (cm)`) %>%
summarise(linmod = list(lm(lnK ~ `1/T`)))
models_co2
## # A tibble: 3 × 2
## `Depth (cm)` linmod
## <dbl> <list>
## 1 10 <lm>
## 2 20 <lm>
## 3 30 <lm>
linmod_coef <- list()
for (i in seq_along(models_co2$linmod)) linmod_coef[[i]] <- models_co2$linmod[[i]]$coefficients
linmod_coef <- do.call(rbind.data.frame, linmod_coef)
names(linmod_coef) <- c("Intercept", "Slope")
linmod_coef <- bind_cols(unique(data_co2["Depth (cm)"]), linmod_coef)
linmod_coef
## # A tibble: 3 × 3
## `Depth (cm)` Intercept Slope
## <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 10 11.6 -6002.
## 2 20 14.0 -7052.
## 3 30 18.5 -8558.
options(repr.plot.width = 12, repr.plot.height = 6)
plot_co2 <- data_co2_clean %>%
ggplot(aes(x = `1/T`, y = lnK)) +
facet_grid(~`Depth (cm)`, labeller = labeller(`Depth (cm)` = New.labs_b)) +
geom_boxplot(aes(group = factor(`1/T`)), outlier.shape = NA) +
stat_regline_equation(aes(label = paste(..eq.label.., ..rr.label.., sep = "~~")), label.x = 0.00331, label.y = -7) +
geom_abline(data = linmod_coef, aes(intercept = Intercept, slope = Slope), lwd = 1) +
labs(y = bquote("log(k)" ~d^-1)) +
theme_bw() +
theme(strip.text = element_text(size = 14), axis.text=element_text(size=14),
axis.title=element_text(size=14))
plot_co2
ggsave("figures/Arrhénius équation.png", plot = plot_co2, width = 8, height = 4, dpi = 600)# export plot high resolution
Activation_energy <- tibble(
Soil_layers = c("10", "20", "30"),
intercept = NA,
slope = NA,
adj_r_sq = NA
)
lm_arrhenius <- for (i in 1:nrow(Activation_energy)) {
lm_Activation_energy <- data_co2_clean %>%
filter(`Depth (cm)` == Activation_energy$Soil_layers[i]) %>%
lm(lnK ~ `1/T`, data = .)
# intercept
Activation_energy$intercept[i] <- coef(lm_Activation_energy)[1]
# Slope
Activation_energy$slope[i] <- coef(lm_Activation_energy)[2]
# statistics
Activation_energy$adj_r_sq[i] <- summary(lm_Activation_energy)$adj.r.squared
}
R = 8.3144621 / 1000 # Gas constant Kj/mol/K
Activation_energy <- Activation_energy %>%
mutate(Ea = -slope * R) %>%
select(Soil_layers, adj_r_sq, Ea)
Activation_energy
## # A tibble: 3 × 3
## Soil_layers adj_r_sq Ea
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 10 0.477 47.5
## 2 20 0.402 58.6
## 3 30 0.507 64.9
K_median <- aggregate(K ~ `Sites` + `Time (days)` + `Depth (cm)` + `Temperature (°C)`, data = data_co2_clean, FUN = median)
K_median <- K_median %>%
pivot_wider(names_from = `Temperature (°C)`, values_from = K)
K_median$Q_20_10 <- K_median$`20` / K_median$`10`
K_median$Q_30_20 <- K_median$`30` / K_median$`20`
K_median <- K_median %>%
na.omit(K_median)
data_Q10 <- gather(data = K_median, key = `Temperature range`, value = Q10, c(`Q_20_10`, `Q_30_20`),
factor_key=TRUE)
stat_Q10 <- data_Q10 |>
group_by(`Depth (cm)`) |>
get_summary_stats(Q10)
stat_Q10
## # A tibble: 3 × 14
## `Depth (cm)` variable n min max median q1 q3 iqr mad mean
## <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 10 Q10 36 0.785 3.53 1.82 1.67 2.32 0.647 0.542 1.99
## 2 20 Q10 36 1.08 5.87 2.05 1.79 2.63 0.845 0.579 2.33
## 3 30 Q10 24 0.627 4.94 2.63 2.17 3.05 0.879 0.709 2.64
## # … with 3 more variables: sd <dbl>, se <dbl>, ci <dbl>
New.labs_c <- c("[10°C - 20°C]", "[20°C - 30°C]") # Change labels
names(New.labs_c) <- c("Q_20_10", "Q_30_20")
options(repr.plot.width = 8, repr.plot.height = 4)
data_Q10 |>
mutate(`Layers` = as.character(`Depth (cm)`)) |>
ggplot(aes(x = `Time (days)`, y = `Q10`)) +
facet_grid(`Temperature range`~`Depth (cm)`,
labeller = labeller(`Depth (cm)` = New.labs_b,
`Temperature range` = New.labs_c)) +
geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = TRUE, color = "Black") +
geom_point(size = 1.5, alpha = 0.6) +
labs(x = "Time(d)", y = bquote(Q[10])) +
theme_bw() +
theme(strip.text = element_text(size = 14), axis.text=element_text(size=14),
axis.title=element_text(size=14))
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'
ggsave("figures/Variation of Q10 across layers.png", width = 8, height = 4, dpi = 600)# export plot high resolution
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'
Import data
data_carbon_credit <- read_csv2('data/data_carbon_credit.csv')
## ℹ Using "','" as decimal and "'.'" as grouping mark. Use `read_delim()` for more control.
## Rows: 24 Columns: 15
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ";"
## chr (3): Location, Layer (cm), 0_30_ID
## dbl (12): Sample, Site age, Repetition, Bulk density (kg m-3), pHCaCl2, Sand...
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
data_carbon_credit <- data_carbon_credit |>
mutate(`C:N ratio` = `Carbone (%)` / `Nitrogen (%)`)
Some calculations
mean_sd_CoverN <- data_carbon_credit |>
group_by(`Layer (cm)`) |>
summarize(mean_C_over_N = mean(`C:N ratio`, na.rm = TRUE),
se_C_over_N = sd(`C:N ratio`, na.rm = TRUE)/sqrt(length(!is.na(`C:N ratio`))))
mean_sd_CoverN
## # A tibble: 3 × 3
## `Layer (cm)` mean_C_over_N se_C_over_N
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 [0-10] 20.1 1.05
## 2 [10-20] 16.0 1.91
## 3 [20-30] 9.02 1.96
data_carbon_credit |> get_summary_stats(`C stock (kg m-3)`)
## # A tibble: 1 × 13
## variable n min max median q1 q3 iqr mad mean sd se
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 C stock (k… 24 1.67 30.9 12.5 6.57 16.7 10.1 7.78 12.1 7.05 1.44
## # … with 1 more variable: ci <dbl>
data_carbon_credit |>
group_by(`Layer (cm)`) |>
get_summary_stats(`C stock (kg m-3)`)
## # A tibble: 3 × 14
## `Layer (cm)` variable n min max median q1 q3 iqr mad mean
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 [0-10] C stock (… 8 11.4 22.2 16.2 15.1 17.4 2.35 1.60 16.6
## 2 [10-20] C stock (… 8 6.52 30.9 11.8 6.74 17.1 10.4 7.62 13.6
## 3 [20-30] C stock (… 8 1.67 14.8 5.36 3.31 7.42 4.11 3.04 6.09
## # … with 3 more variables: sd <dbl>, se <dbl>, ci <dbl>
data_carbon_credit |>
group_by(`Layer (cm)`) |>
get_summary_stats(`C:N ratio`)
## # A tibble: 3 × 14
## `Layer (cm)` variable n min max median q1 q3 iqr mad mean
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 [0-10] C:N ratio 8 15 23.3 20.9 17.8 22.5 4.72 2.98 20.1
## 2 [10-20] C:N ratio 8 10 24.4 15.8 11.5 20 8.5 6.18 16.0
## 3 [20-30] C:N ratio 8 2.5 20 8.33 5.96 10.6 4.66 4.32 9.02
## # … with 3 more variables: sd <dbl>, se <dbl>, ci <dbl>
plot_desc <- function(y, ylab){
New.labs_c <- c("Site/A9", "Site/45") # Change labels
names(New.labs_c) <- c("Belanger/ A9", "Fortier/ 45")
ggplot(data_carbon_credit, aes(`Layer (cm)`, y)) +
geom_boxplot() +
facet_grid( . ~ `Location`, scales = "free", labeller = labeller(`Location` = New.labs_c)) +
theme_bw() +
theme(strip.text = element_text(size = 11), axis.text=element_text(size=11),
axis.title=element_text(size=11)) +
labs(y = ylab)
}
plot1 <- plot_desc(data_carbon_credit$`C stock (kg m-3)`, bquote("C stock (kg" ~m^-3~")"))
plot2 <- plot_desc(data_carbon_credit$`C:N ratio`, "C:N ratio")
plot3 <- plot_desc(data_carbon_credit$`Bulk density (kg m-3)`, # m-3
"Bulk density (kg"~m^-3~")")
plot4 <- plot_desc(data_carbon_credit$pHCaCl2, bquote(pHCaCl[2]))
plot5 <- plot_desc(data_carbon_credit$`Total porosity`, "Total porosity")
plot6 <- plot_desc(data_carbon_credit$`Water content (%)`, "Water content (%)")
options(repr.plot.width = 8, repr.plot.height = 6)
figure <- ggarrange(plot1, plot2, plot3, plot4, plot5, plot6,
labels = c("A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F"), label.x = 0.05, label.y = 1.01,
ncol = 2, nrow = 3)
figure
ggsave("figures/Soil description.png", width = 8, height = 5, dpi = 600)# export plot high resolution
Data loading
Carbon_credit <- read_csv2('data/data_carbon_sublayer.csv')
## ℹ Using "','" as decimal and "'.'" as grouping mark. Use `read_delim()` for more control.
## Rows: 23 Columns: 20
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ";"
## chr (6): Projet, Site, Horizon, Layers, Soil texture, Munsell_color
## dbl (14): Depht (cm), Thickness(cm), Bulk density(kg m-3), Site_age, Weigh_s...
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
Carbon_credit
## # A tibble: 23 × 20
## Projet Site Horizon `Depht (cm)` `Thickness(cm)` Layers `Bulk density(…`
## <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 Pedology Belang… H1 1.8 1.8 [0-1.… 913.
## 2 Pedology Belang… H2 2.2 0.4 [1.8-… 913.
## 3 Pedology Belang… H3 3.2 1 [2.2-… 913.
## 4 Pedology Belang… H4 3.6 0.4 [3.2-… 913.
## 5 Pedology Belang… H5 5.1 1.5 [3.6-… 913.
## 6 Pedology Belang… H6 5.8 0.7 [5.1-… 913.
## 7 Pedology Belang… H7 9.5 3.7 [5.8-… 913.
## 8 Pedology Belang… H8 12 2 [9.5-… 1384.
## 9 Pedology Belang… H9 12.5 0.5 [12-1… 1384.
## 10 Pedology Belang… H10 19.2 6.7 [12.5… 1384.
## # … with 13 more rows, and 13 more variables: `Soil texture` <chr>,
## # Site_age <dbl>, Munsell_color <chr>, Weigh_superior_2MM <dbl>,
## # `Weigh _0_2MM` <dbl>, Repetition <dbl>, pHCaCl2 <dbl>, CTRL_C_pourc <dbl>,
## # CTRL_S_pourc <dbl>, CTRL_N_pourc <dbl>, C_pourc <dbl>, S_pourc <dbl>,
## # N_pourc <dbl>
C:N ratio computation
Carbon_credit <- Carbon_credit %>%
mutate(`C/N` = C_pourc/N_pourc)
Generating the plots
options(repr.plot.width=8, repr.plot.height=4)
New.labs_d <- c("Site/A9", "Site/45") # Change labels
names(New.labs_d) <- c("Belanger/A9", "Fortier/45")
ggplot(data=Carbon_credit, aes(x= `Depht (cm)`, y= `C/N`)) +
facet_grid(.~Site, labeller = labeller(`Site` = New.labs_d)) +
geom_line(linetype = "twodash") +
geom_point(aes(shape = `Soil texture`, fill = `Soil texture`), size = 3) +
scale_shape_manual(values=c(21, 21))+
scale_fill_manual(values = c("#000000", "#FFFFFF")) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = 5*0:1000,
expand = expand_scale(add = 5)) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = 5*0:1000,
expand = expand_scale(add = 5)) +
theme(strip.text = element_text(face = "bold"), axis.text=element_text(face = "bold"),
axis.title=element_text(face = "bold") , legend.title= element_text(face = "bold"),
legend.text = element_text(face = "bold")) +
labs(y= "C/N Ratio") +
coord_flip()
## Warning: `expand_scale()` is deprecated; use `expansion()` instead.
## Warning: `expand_scale()` is deprecated; use `expansion()` instead.
ggsave("figures/(C_over_N).png", width = 8, height = 4, dpi = 800)